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線性經濟 循環經濟

線性經濟 linear economy（72 字） In discussions of resource management, the linear economy extracting raw materials from nature and discarding products after a single use is a disposal-based model that is driven by large manufacturers, which are either praised for keeping goods affordable or criticized by environmentalists who are convinced that endless extraction exhausts natural resources, thereby boosting short-term growth by encouraging constant purchases and generating waste that has long polluted oceans and landfills across industrial societies. 1. 結構破解 In discussions of resource management, the linear economy extracting raw materials from nature and discarding products after a single use is a disposal-based model that is driven by large manufacturers, which are either praised for keeping goods affordable or criticized by environmentalists who are convinced that endless extraction exhausts natural resources, thereby boosting short-term growth by encouraging constant purchases and genera...
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平台經濟 platform economy

平台經濟 platform economy（102 字） In analyses of digital capitalism, the platform economy connecting buyers and sellers through online marketplaces such as Amazon and Shopee and coordinating drivers, hosts, and freelancers through apps such as Uber, Airbnb, and Upwork is a network-based system that is dominated by technology giants, which are either praised for lowering transaction costs for small businesses or criticized by regulators who are worried that data monopolies and high commission fees weaken fair competition, thereby expanding market access by matching millions of users in seconds and concentrating power in a few companies that have long collected personal data and shaped prices across global markets. 1. 結構破解 In analyses of digital capitalism, the platform economy connecting buyers and sellers through online marketplaces such as Amazon and Shopee and coordinating drivers, hosts, and freelancers through apps such as Uber, Airbnb, and Upwork is a network-based system that is domin...
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零工經濟 共享經濟

 第一句：零工經濟 gig economy（76 字） In discussions of modern labor markets, the gig economy connecting freelancers with customers through digital platforms and paying workers per task instead of fixed salaries is a flexibility-based system that is organized by app companies, which are either praised for creating income opportunities or criticized by unions who are convinced that platform control leaves workers without benefits, thereby widening job access by offering flexible schedules and generating insecurity that has long troubled workers without stable contracts across major cities. 1. 結構破解 In discussions of modern labor markets, the gig economy connecting freelancers with customers through digital platforms and paying workers per task instead of fixed salaries is a flexibility-based system that is organized by app companies, which are either praised for creating income opportunities or criticized by unions who are convinced that platform control leaves workers without benefits, thereb...
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正式經濟 非正式經濟

 第一句：正式經濟 formal economy（75 字） In studies of national development, the formal economy covering registered businesses and contracted workers and generating tax revenue that funds public services is a regulation-based sector that is sustained by legal institutions, which are either praised for guaranteeing social protection or criticized by entrepreneurs who are convinced that heavy compliance costs discourage small firms, thereby strengthening public finance by enforcing labor standards and excluding micro-enterprises that have long struggled with registration costs across developing countries. 1. 結構破解 In studies of national development, the formal economy covering registered businesses and contracted workers and generating tax revenue that funds public services is a regulation-based sector that is sustained by legal institutions, which are either praised for guaranteeing social protection or criticized by entrepreneurs who are convinced that heavy compliance costs discourage small ...
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治外法權 extraterritoriality 治外管轄權 extraterritorial jurisdiction

第一句：治外法權 extraterritoriality（76 字） In studies of international law, the extraterritoriality exempting foreign diplomats and nationals from the legal authority of the host state and placing them under the laws of their home country was a privilege-based doctrine that was upheld by bilateral treaties, which were either praised for protecting travelers abroad or criticized by scholars who were convinced that unequal exemptions bred resentment toward foreign powers, thereby safeguarding diplomatic immunity by honoring reciprocal agreements and provoking disputes that had long strained relations between host states and visiting powers across colonial settings. 1. 結構破解 In studies of international law, the extraterritoriality exempting foreign diplomats and nationals from the legal authority of the host state and placing them under the laws of their home country was a privilege-based doctrine that was upheld by bilateral treaties, which were either praised for protecting travelers abroad or c...
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飛地 外飛地

第一句：飛地 enclave（77 字） In studies of political geography, the enclave surrounded entirely by the territory of another state and depending on that neighbor for access to the outside world was a border-defined territory that was shaped by historical treaties, which were either praised for protecting local communities or criticized by diplomats who were convinced that fragmented borders bred diplomatic friction, thereby complicating daily governance by requiring transit agreements and straining relations that had long linked neighboring states across contested regions. 1. 結構破解 In studies of political geography, the enclave surrounded entirely by the territory of another state and depending on that neighbor for access to the outside world was a border-defined territory that was shaped by historical treaties, which were either praised for protecting local communities or criticized by diplomats who were convinced that fragmented borders bred diplomatic friction, thereby complicating daily gove...
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基督教基要派 福音派 靈恩派

以下三句沿用範例骨架：名詞＋現在分詞片語＋was＋名詞，接 that 子句、which were either...or...，最後以 thereby＋V-ing 收尾。三個主詞（fundamentalism、evangelicalism、charismatic Christianity）皆為不可數名詞，動詞用單數 was。 第一句：基要派 fundamentalism（75 字） In historical accounts of American Protestantism, the fundamentalism insisting on the literal authority of scripture and rejecting modernist theology as a betrayal of the faith was a doctrine-centered movement that was sustained by separatist churches, which were either admired for defending orthodoxy or criticized by scholars who were convinced that rigid certainty bred hostility toward science, thereby preserving doctrinal boundaries by condemning compromise and resisting trends that had long reshaped mainline denominations across modernizing societies. 1. 結構破解 In historical accounts of American Protestantism, the fundamentalism insisting on the literal authority of scripture and rejecting modernist theology as a betrayal of the faith was a doctrine-centered movement that was sustained by separ...
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