航空母艦 Aircraft Carriers

航空母艦 Aircraft Carriers（121 字）

In discussions of modern naval strategy, aircraft carriers, which serve as floating platforms for launching and recovering aircraft, which are powered by either nuclear reactors or conventional engines, and which carry dozens of aircraft that extend a nation's reach far beyond its own coastline, are a form of mobile sovereign airbase that is operated by navies such as those of the United States, China, and France, so that they are either admired for projecting power and sustaining long deployments or questioned by critics who are concerned that their enormous cost and vulnerability to modern anti-ship missiles may outweigh their strategic value, yet they continue to anchor a doctrine that has long aimed at securing sea lanes and deterring rivals across the world's oceans.

1. 結構破解

In discussions of modern naval strategy,

aircraft carriers,

which serve as floating platforms for launching and recovering aircraft,

which are powered by either nuclear reactors or conventional engines,

and which carry dozens of aircraft that extend a nation's reach far beyond its own coastline,

are a form of mobile sovereign airbase

that is operated by navies such as those of the United States, China, and France,

so that they are either admired for projecting power and sustaining long deployments

or questioned by critics

who are concerned that their enormous cost and vulnerability to modern anti-ship missiles may outweigh their strategic value,

yet they continue to anchor a doctrine

that has long aimed at securing sea lanes and deterring rivals across the world's oceans.

2. 分解為短句

In discussions of modern naval strategy, aircraft carriers are a form of mobile sovereign airbase.（主句骨架）

The carriers serve as floating platforms for launching and recovering aircraft.

The carriers are powered by either nuclear reactors or conventional engines.

The carriers carry dozens of aircraft.

The aircraft extend a nation's reach far beyond its own coastline.

The airbase is operated by navies such as those of the United States, China, and France.

The carriers are either admired for projecting power and sustaining long deployments or questioned by critics.

The critics are concerned that their enormous cost and vulnerability to modern anti-ship missiles may outweigh their strategic value.

Yet the carriers continue to anchor a doctrine.

The doctrine has long aimed at securing sea lanes and deterring rivals across the world's oceans.

3. 參考譯文

在現代海軍戰略的討論中，航空母艦作為起降飛機的海上浮動平台，由核反應爐或常規動力驅動，並搭載數十架延伸一國觸角遠超自身海岸線的飛機，是一種由美國、中國與法國等國海軍運作的移動式主權空軍基地；它們若非因能投射力量、支撐長期部署而受推崇，就是受到擔憂其龐大成本與易受現代反艦飛彈攻擊的弱點可能抵銷戰略價值的批評者所質疑，然而它們仍持續作為一套長期致力於確保海上航道、嚇阻對手的戰略學說之支柱，這種情形遍及全球各大洋。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

句型創新：沿用三個並列 which 子句，但第二個改為被動式（which are powered by），最後一個 which 子句再嵌套 that 子句；運作國以 navies such as those of ... 列舉。

aircraft carrier：「航空母艦」；platform：「平台」；powered by：「以……為動力」

nuclear reactor：「核反應爐」；conventional：「常規的」

operate：「運作、操作使用」（軍事裝備語境，避免譯為商業用語的「營運」）；navy：「海軍」；such as：「例如」

sovereign：「主權的」；airbase：「空軍基地」；project power：「投射力量」；deployment：「部署」

anti-ship missile：「反艦飛彈」；outweigh：「勝過、抵銷」；doctrine：「戰略學說、準則」

sea lane：「海上航道」；deter：「嚇阻」；anchor：「作為……的支柱」

此句的三個 which 皆指代 aircraft carriers；critics 後接 who；doctrine 後接 that has

舉例：

中國：遼寧號、山東號、福建號，皆為常規動力

美國：尼米茲級與福特級，全為核動力

法國：戴高樂號，歐洲唯一運作中的核動力航艦

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