台灣的統獨之爭

 【長難句破解示範】台灣的統獨之爭

●例句（120 words）

The dispute over Taiwan's future, which has divided society since democratization allowed the question to be debated openly, pits advocates of eventual unification with China, who believe that a shared cultural heritage and economic interdependence make union desirable, against advocates of formal independence, who argue that Taiwan, having been governed separately from the mainland since 1949, already possesses all the attributes of a sovereign state, while a majority of citizens, fearing that a declaration of independence would provoke military retaliation and unwilling to accept Beijing's terms for unification, prefer a status quo that both camps, recognizing its fragility, nevertheless struggle to define in ways that satisfy their supporters and reassure Washington, whose commitments to the island remain deliberately ambiguous.

●排列為比較容易閱讀的方式

The dispute

over Taiwan's future,

which has divided society

since democratization allowed the question

to be debated openly,

pits advocates of eventual unification with China

who believe that

a shared cultural heritage and economic interdependence

make union desirable,

against advocates of formal independence,

who argue that

Taiwan,

having been governed separately from the mainland since 1949,

already possesses all the attributes of a sovereign state,

while

a majority of citizens,

fearing that a declaration of independence

would provoke military retaliation

and unwilling to accept Beijing's terms for unification,

prefer a status quo

that both camps,

recognizing its fragility,

nevertheless struggle to define

in ways that satisfy their supporters

and reassure Washington,

whose commitments to the island

remain deliberately ambiguous.

●分解為原初的短小句

The dispute pits advocates of unification against advocates of independence.（主結構，10字。主詞 dispute 之後被 which 子句插入十餘字，動詞 pits 之後還要等到 against 才完整。pit A against B 是固定句型。）

The dispute is over Taiwan's future.

The dispute has divided society.

Democratization allowed the question to be debated openly.

The unification advocates favor eventual unification with China.

They believe that a shared cultural heritage and economic interdependence make union desirable.

The independence advocates favor formal independence.

They argue that Taiwan already possesses all the attributes of a sovereign state.

Taiwan has been governed separately from the mainland since 1949.

A majority of citizens fear that a declaration of independence would provoke military retaliation.

They are unwilling to accept Beijing's terms for unification.

They prefer a status quo.

Both camps recognize the fragility of the status quo.

Both camps struggle to define the status quo in ways that satisfy their supporters and reassure Washington.

Washington's commitments to the island remain deliberately ambiguous.

●文法解析

主句：The dispute…pits A against B。pit A against B 意為使A與B對立，受詞 advocates 被 who 子句修飾後，要跳到 against 才完成句型。

which has divided…since democratization allowed the question to be debated openly：非限定關係子句，內含 since 副詞子句，allowed 後接受詞加不定詞（被動 to be debated）。

who believe that…make union desirable：關係子句內含 that 名詞子句，make 後接受詞加形容詞補語。

who argue that Taiwan, having been governed…, possesses…：關係子句加名詞子句，插入完成被動分詞片語，表示更早的背景。

while a majority of citizens…prefer：while 引導對比子句。主詞 majority 之後有兩個對等的分詞結構：fearing that…（現在分詞片語）與 unwilling to accept…（形容詞片語），用 and 連接，動詞 prefer 到很後面才出現。majority 後接複數動詞 prefer，因其指涉的是 citizens。

a status quo that both camps, recognizing its fragility, nevertheless struggle to define：that 是 define 的受詞，recognizing 是現在分詞片語，插在主詞與動詞之間。

in ways that satisfy…and reassure…：關係子句內有兩個對等動詞。

Washington, whose commitments…remain…：非限定關係子句，whose 是所有格關係代名詞。

●參考譯文

關於台灣前途的爭論自民主化讓這個問題得以公開討論以來，便一直撕裂社會，使主張最終與中國統一者與主張正式獨立者對立。前者相信共同的文化遺產與經濟互賴使統一成為可取，後者則主張台灣自1949年起便與大陸分治，已具備主權國家的全部要件。然而多數公民擔心宣布獨立會招致軍事報復，又不願接受北京開出的統一條件，因而偏好維持現狀。兩個陣營雖然都認知到現狀的脆弱，卻仍苦於如何界定現狀，既要讓支持者滿意，又要讓美國安心，而美國對台灣的承諾始終刻意保持模糊。

●補充說明

pit A against B 指使A與B競爭或對立，常用被動 be pitted against。

status quo 是拉丁語，指現狀。台灣的現狀指不統、不獨、不武的狀態。

strategic ambiguity 指戰略模糊，是美國對台政策的慣用說法，句中以 deliberately ambiguous 表達。

independence / unification 在不同陣營有不同定義。例如不少人認為「中華民國已是主權獨立國家」，與正式宣布「台灣共和國」是兩種不同主張，所以此句僅以 formal independence 概括。

民調長期顯示多數台灣人偏好維持現狀，但細部比例隨題目設計而異，學術寫作不宜把這個句子當成精確統計。

●長難句組合寫作練習

不看例句，用譯文與上列15個短句組合回原來的長句：


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