巡洋艦 Cruisers

巡洋艦 Cruisers（123 字）

Evolving from the fast scouts of the age of sail into heavily armed warships of the missile era, cruisers, which once screened battle fleets and raided enemy commerce, have shifted toward air defense and command roles, as seen in the American Ticonderoga class, whose Aegis system links radar and missiles into one defensive network, and in the Russian Moskva, which was sunk in the Black Sea in 2022, so that, although they are praised as versatile escorts that can protect entire carrier groups, they are questioned by planners who argue that their high cost and aging hulls make them harder to justify than modern destroyers, a debate that shows how a ship's role can change while its name remains the same.

1. 結構破解

Evolving from the fast scouts of the age of sail into heavily armed warships of the missile era,

cruisers,

which once screened battle fleets and raided enemy commerce,

have shifted toward air defense and command roles,

as seen in the American Ticonderoga class,

whose Aegis system links radar and missiles into one defensive network,

and in the Russian Moskva,

which was sunk in the Black Sea in 2022,

so that, although they are praised as versatile escorts

that can protect entire carrier groups,

they are questioned by planners

who argue that their high cost and aging hulls make them harder to justify than modern destroyers,

a debate that shows how a ship's role can change while its name remains the same.

2. 分解為短句

Cruisers have shifted toward air defense and command roles.（主句骨架）

Cruisers evolved from the fast scouts of the age of sail into heavily armed warships of the missile era.

Cruisers once screened battle fleets and raided enemy commerce.

The American Ticonderoga class is an example of this shift.

The Ticonderoga class has an Aegis system.

The Aegis system links radar and missiles into one defensive network.

The Russian Moskva is another example.

The Moskva was sunk in the Black Sea in 2022.

Cruisers are praised as versatile escorts.

The escorts can protect entire carrier groups.

Cruisers are questioned by planners.

The planners argue that their high cost and aging hulls make them harder to justify than modern destroyers.

This is a debate.

The debate shows how a ship's role can change while its name remains the same.

3. 參考譯文

巡洋艦從風帆時代快速的偵察艦演變為飛彈時代重武裝的軍艦，它們曾為戰鬥艦隊擔任屏護並襲擊敵方商船，如今已轉向防空與指揮角色，美國的提康德羅加級（其神盾系統將雷達與飛彈連結成一個防禦網路）與俄羅斯的莫斯科號（2022年於黑海沉沒）都是例子；因此，儘管它們被讚許為能保護整個航艦戰鬥群的多功能護衛艦，卻也受到規劃者質疑，他們認為其高昂成本與老化艦體比現代驅逐艦更難以正當化，這場爭論顯示出艦艇的角色可以改變，名稱卻依舊不變。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

句型創新：本句以現在分詞片語 Evolving from ... into ... 開頭，主詞後接 which 子句補充過去角色；主句後用 as seen in ... 引出兩個舉例，分別接 whose 與 which 子句；再以 so that, although ... 先讚許、後質疑；結尾以同位語 a debate that ... 總結。與前三例的句型不同。

cruiser：「巡洋艦」；scout：「偵察艦、斥候」；age of sail：「風帆時代」

screen：「屏護、掩護」；raid：「襲擊」；commerce：「商業貿易（此指商船）」

air defense：「防空」；command role：「指揮角色」；as seen in：「如……所示」

Aegis system：「神盾系統」；defensive network：「防禦網路」；escort：「護衛艦」

carrier group：「航艦戰鬥群」；planner：「規劃者」；justify：「證明……合理」

destroyer：「驅逐艦」；hull：「艦體」；remain the same：「保持不變」

Evolving 的意義上主詞為 cruisers；whose 指代 Ticonderoga class；which was sunk 指代 Moskva；a debate 是前面整段質疑內容的同位語

舉例：

美國提康德羅加級：以神盾系統聞名的防空巡洋艦，近年已陸續除役

俄羅斯莫斯科號：斯拉瓦級導彈巡洋艦，2022年在黑海沉沒

巡洋艦與驅逐艦：現代驅逐艦噸位與火力已接近傳統巡洋艦，兩者界線趨於模糊

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