養貓業 Feliculture

 養貓業 Feliculture

● 字源

Feliculture（養貓業）由拉丁文 felis（「貓」）加上 cultura（「耕種、培養」）組成，字面意為「貓的飼養」。此詞同樣是仿 agriculture、apiculture 等詞造出的複合詞，極為罕見，多數詞典未收，一般英語更常說 cat breeding 或 the cat fancy。指人類繁育、照養貓咪的產業，用途包括寵物陪伴、貓展競賽、倉庫農舍與船艦的捕鼠，也涵蓋貓舍、繁殖場與貓咪收容所的經營。養貓業屬於廣義的畜牧業，與寵物產業、動物福利議題關係密切。中文譯為「養貓業」。

● 例句（90字長句）

Rarely did devoted cat lovers stop to consider that feliculture, which involves the patient, selective breeding and raising of cats to furnish homes, shops, ships, and granaries as well as to maintain the catteries and show halls that keep countless pedigreed and rescued animals sound, is measured less by the elegance of a purring kitten than by the quiet, dutiful attention it requires, until public anger, if ignored, compelled careless and greedy breeders to shut kitten mills that had long seemed lucrative to their proprietors and unseen by their buyers.

● 排列為比較容易閱讀的方式

Rarely did devoted cat lovers stop to consider that feliculture,

which involves the patient, selective breeding and raising of cats to furnish homes, shops, ships, and granaries as well as to maintain the catteries and show halls that keep countless pedigreed and rescued animals sound,

is measured less by the elegance of a purring kitten than by the quiet, dutiful attention it requires,

until public anger,

if ignored,

compelled careless and greedy breeders to shut kitten mills

that had long seemed lucrative to their proprietors and unseen by their buyers.

● 分解為原初的短小句

Devoted cat lovers rarely stopped to consider something.

（Rarely 置句首，主詞與助動詞倒裝為 did lovers；stop to consider 為「停下來去思考」，to consider 為不定詞，表目的；consider 後接 that 名詞子句。）

Feliculture involves the patient, selective breeding and raising of cats.

（which 非限定關係子句，involve 表「涉及、包含」；breeding and raising 為並列名詞，of cats 表對象；patient 與 selective 為並列形容詞，以逗號分隔。）

The breeding and raising furnish homes, shops, ships, and granaries with cats.

（to furnish 為不定詞片語，表目的；furnish A 在此指「供應貓給 A」，with cats 為語意上被省略的部分；四項名詞以逗號並列。）

The breeding and raising also maintain the catteries and show halls.

（as well as to maintain 與前一目的並列。）

The catteries and show halls keep countless pedigreed and rescued animals sound.

（that keep ... sound 為限定關係子句，修飾 catteries and show halls；keep + 受詞 + 形容詞，表「使維持某種狀態」；pedigreed 與 rescued 為並列形容詞，以 and 連接。）

Feliculture is measured less by the elegance than by the attention.

（less A than B 表「與其憑 A，不如憑 B」；is measured 為被動語態。）

A kitten purrs.

（purring 為現在分詞作形容詞，修飾 kitten；of a purring kitten 說明 elegance 的來源。）

Feliculture requires the quiet, dutiful attention.

（the quiet, dutiful attention it requires 省略了關係代名詞 that；quiet 與 dutiful 為並列形容詞，以逗號分隔。）

Public anger compelled careless and greedy breeders to shut kitten mills.

（until 引導時間副詞子句；compel + 受詞 + to 不定詞，表「迫使某人做某事」；careless 與 greedy 為並列形容詞。）

The public anger was ignored.

（if ignored 為省略「主詞＋be」的條件子句。）

The kitten mills had long seemed lucrative to their proprietors and unseen by their buyers.

（that had long seemed ... 為限定關係子句；過去完成式表「此前很久以來一直」；lucrative 為形容詞，unseen 為過去分詞作形容詞，兩者並列；to their proprietors 與 by their buyers 分別引出判斷與被動的對象。）

● 文法解析

Rarely 否定副詞倒裝結構：

Rarely did devoted cat lovers stop to consider 以否定副詞置句首，助動詞 did 移到主詞 lovers 之前，語氣比 Devoted cat lovers rarely stopped to consider 更強。倒裝只作用於主句，that 之後的名詞子句恢復正常語序。本句把倒裝放在最前面，卻把 until 子句留到最後，讀者要讀完整個 that 子句，才知道「很少思考」其實是「直到輿論譁然才思考」。

which 非限定子句與 as well as：

feliculture, which involves ... 插在主詞 feliculture 與謂語 is measured 之間，屬補充說明。to furnish homes, shops, ships, and granaries as well as to maintain the catteries and show halls 以 as well as 把「供應貓咪」與「經營貓舍與展覽廳」兩個不定詞目的並列，說明養貓業不只是繁育寵物。that keep countless pedigreed and rescued animals sound 再以限定關係子句說明貓舍與展覽廳的作用，其中 keep ... sound 是「使維持健康」的結構。

less ... than 比較結構與省略關係代名詞：

is measured less by the elegance of a purring kitten than by the quiet, dutiful attention it requires 以 less A than B 作價值翻轉：衡量養貓業的標準，幼貓的優雅較低，長期盡責的照顧較高。the quiet, dutiful attention it requires 省略了受格關係代名詞 that，是限定關係子句中常見的省略；a purring kitten 以現在分詞作形容詞，使「優雅」的來源具體化。

until 子句與 if ignored 省略結構：

until public anger ... compelled careless and greedy breeders to shut kitten mills 以 until 引入轉折，說明認知的改變要等到危機出現。if ignored 夾在主詞 anger 與謂語 compelled 之間，為 if it is ignored 的省略，省略了「主詞＋be」，it 指 public anger。這個插入語使主詞與動詞隔開，閱讀時要先記住 anger，等到 compelled 才連得上。compelled ... to shut 為「使役動詞＋受詞＋不定詞」結構。

that had long seemed lucrative to their proprietors and unseen by their buyers：

that 引導限定關係子句修飾 kitten mills，代替 kitten mills 作子句主詞。had long seemed 使用過去完成式，表示在輿論譁然之前，人們長久以來都認為繁殖場獲利豐厚且不被注意，與主句過去式 compelled 形成對照，呈現「長久以為穩固，後來才發現脆弱」的反轉。lucrative 與 unseen 詞性不同（形容詞與過去分詞），卻以 and 並列，各自接 to 與 by 的片語，呼應全句「安靜盡責的照顧比優雅外表更重要」的主旨。

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