巡防艦 護衛艦 Frigates

巡防艦 護衛艦 Frigates（85 字）

Smaller and more lightly armed than the cruisers that roam the open ocean for months with heavy missile batteries, frigates, which were once fast sailing warships but now serve mainly as coastal escorts, guard convoys and patrol nearby sea lanes, and it is their low cost, rather than their firepower, that allows navies to build them in large numbers, even though critics warn that a single missile strike could overwhelm their limited defenses, which shows that a ship need not be mighty to be indispensable.

1. 結構破解

Smaller and more lightly armed than the cruisers

that roam the open ocean for months with heavy missile batteries,

frigates,

which were once fast sailing warships but now serve mainly as coastal escorts,

guard convoys and patrol nearby sea lanes,

and it is their low cost, rather than their firepower,

that allows navies to build them in large numbers,

even though critics warn

that a single missile strike could overwhelm their limited defenses,

which shows that a ship need not be mighty to be indispensable.

2. 分解為短句

Frigates guard convoys and patrol nearby sea lanes.（主句骨架）

Frigates are smaller than cruisers.

Frigates are more lightly armed than cruisers.

Cruisers roam the open ocean for months.

Cruisers carry heavy missile batteries.

Frigates were once fast sailing warships.

Frigates now serve mainly as coastal escorts.

Their low cost allows navies to build them in large numbers.

Their firepower does not allow this.

Critics warn about their weakness.

A single missile strike could overwhelm their limited defenses.

This shows that a ship need not be mighty to be indispensable.

3. 參考譯文

巡防艦比在遠洋連續巡弋數月、配備重型飛彈的巡洋艦更小，火力也更弱。它們原本是快速的風帆戰艦，如今主要擔任近海護衛，負責護送船團並巡邏鄰近海上航道。各國海軍能大量建造它們，靠的是低廉的成本，而不是火力；儘管批評者警告，一枚飛彈攻擊就可能壓垮它們有限的防禦，這也顯示出一艘艦艇不必強大，也能不可或缺。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

句型創新：本句以形容詞片語 Smaller and more lightly armed than ... 開頭，修飾後面的主詞 frigates，與前例的現在分詞開頭不同。主詞後接 which 子句補充過去與現在的角色，主要動詞 guard 與 patrol 並列。接著用強調句型 it is ... , rather than ..., that ... 說明真正的原因，再以 even though 引導讓步子句，其中含 that 名詞子句。結尾用非限定關係子句 which shows that ... 總結前面整件事，與前例的同位語結尾不同。

frigate：「護衛艦、巡防艦」；cruiser：「巡洋艦」；roam：「漫遊、巡弋」

missile battery：「飛彈組、飛彈陣列」；coastal：「沿海的」；escort：「護衛艦；護送」

convoy：「船團」；patrol：「巡邏」；sea lane：「海上航道」

firepower：「火力」；overwhelm：「壓垮、使不堪負荷」；indispensable：「不可或缺的」

rather than：「而不是」；even though：「儘管」

文法提醒：

Smaller and more lightly armed 在意義上修飾 frigates。

that roam 的先行詞是 cruisers。

which were once ... 的先行詞是 frigates，後面的 guard 與 patrol 才是主句動詞。

it is ... that 是強調句型，強調的是 their low cost。

最後的 which 指代前面整段內容，不是單一名詞。

舉例：

巡洋艦與巡防艦：前者噸位大、火力強、可遠洋巡弋；後者噸位小、火力較弱，偏重近海護衛。

美國派里級：曾是美國海軍的代表性巡防艦，已於 2015 年全數除役。

台灣成功級：以派里級為基礎建造的巡防艦，用於近海巡邏與護衛。

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