基督教的道成肉身 incarnation 基督教的三位一體 Trinity

基督教的道成肉身 incarnation（96 字）

In discussions of Christian doctrine, the incarnation affirming that the eternal Word became flesh in Jesus of Nazareth and teaching that he is fully divine and fully human is a mystery-based doctrine that is defined by early church councils, which are either honored for protecting the faith against distortion or questioned by critics who are doubtful that divinity and humanity can coexist in one person without contradiction, thereby inspiring believers to see God as near and sharing in human suffering by celebrating Christmas and shaping theology that has long influenced worship, art, and charity across Western societies.

1. 結構破解

In discussions of Christian doctrine,

the incarnation

affirming that the eternal Word became flesh in Jesus of Nazareth

and teaching that he is fully divine and fully human

is a mystery-based doctrine

that is defined by early church councils,

which are either honored for protecting the faith against distortion

or questioned by critics

who are doubtful that divinity and humanity can coexist in one person without contradiction,

thereby inspiring believers to see God as near and sharing in human suffering

by celebrating Christmas

and shaping theology

that has long influenced worship, art, and charity

across Western societies.

2. 分解為短句

In discussions of Christian doctrine, the incarnation is a mystery-based doctrine.（主句骨架）

The incarnation affirms that the eternal Word became flesh in Jesus of Nazareth and teaches that he is fully divine and fully human.

The doctrine is defined by early church councils.

The councils are either honored for protecting the faith against distortion or questioned by critics.

The critics are doubtful that divinity and humanity can coexist in one person without contradiction.

This inspires believers to see God as near and sharing in human suffering by celebrating Christmas and shapes theology across Western societies.

The theology has long influenced worship, art, and charity.

3. 參考譯文

在基督教教義的討論中，宣告永恆的道成為肉身、降生於拿撒勒人耶穌，並教導他既是完全的神也是完全的人的道成肉身，是由早期教會大公會議所確立的以奧祕為基礎的教義；這些會議若非因保護信仰免於扭曲而受尊崇，就是受到懷疑神性與人性能否在同一位格中無矛盾並存的批評者所質疑，從而藉由慶祝聖誕節激勵信徒看見神的臨近並分擔人類的苦難，並形塑長期影響崇拜、藝術與慈善的神學，這種情形遍及西方社會。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

affirming / teaching：現在分詞片語，取代 which affirms... and teaches...

時態：描述教義的一般特性，用現在式；became 為過去式，指道成肉身的歷史事件；has long influenced 為現在完成式，強調影響持續至今

incarnation：「道成肉身」（拉丁文 in carne，意為「在肉身中」）；the Word：「道」（出自《約翰福音》，希臘文 Logos）

eternal：「永恆的」；flesh：「肉身」；divine：「神聖的、神性的」

mystery：「奧祕」；doctrine：「教義」；council：「（教會）會議」

distortion：「扭曲」；coexist：「並存」；contradiction：「矛盾」

此句的 which are 指代 councils；critics 後接 who；theology 後接 that has（theology 為不可數名詞，故用 has）

舉例：

《約翰福音》1:14：「道成了肉身，住在我們中間」，是此教義的經典出處

尼西亞會議（325）與迦克墩會議（451）：確立基督的神性，並說明神性與人性如何合於一位

聖誕節：慶祝神以嬰孩的形式降生人間

基督教的三位一體 Trinity（95 字）

In debates over the nature of God, the Trinity affirming that one God exists eternally as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit and teaching that the three persons share a single divine essence is a unity-based doctrine that is confessed by most Christian churches, which are either respected for preserving a shared creed or challenged by groups such as Unitarians who are convinced that the concept lacks clear biblical support and compromises strict monotheism, thereby deepening believers' understanding of divine love as relationship by emphasizing communion within God and informing creeds and prayers that have long united worshippers across many nations.

1. 結構破解

In debates over the nature of God,

the Trinity

affirming that one God exists eternally as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit

and teaching that the three persons share a single divine essence

is a unity-based doctrine

that is confessed by most Christian churches,

which are either respected for preserving a shared creed

or challenged by groups such as Unitarians

who are convinced that the concept lacks clear biblical support and compromises strict monotheism,

thereby deepening believers' understanding of divine love as relationship

by emphasizing communion within God

and informing creeds and prayers

that have long united worshippers

across many nations.

2. 分解為短句

In debates over the nature of God, the Trinity is a unity-based doctrine.（主句骨架）

The Trinity affirms that one God exists eternally as Father, Son, and Holy Spirit and teaches that the three persons share a single divine essence.

The doctrine is confessed by most Christian churches.

The churches are either respected for preserving a shared creed or challenged by groups such as Unitarians.

The groups are convinced that the concept lacks clear biblical support and compromises strict monotheism.

This deepens believers' understanding of divine love as relationship by emphasizing communion within God and informs creeds and prayers across many nations.

The creeds and prayers have long united worshippers.

3. 參考譯文

在關於神本質的辯論中，宣告唯一的神永恆地以聖父、聖子、聖靈而存在，並教導三個位格共享同一神聖本質的三位一體，是由大多數基督教教會所宣認的以合一為基礎的教義；這些教會若非因保存共同信經而受尊敬，就是受到如唯一神論派等深信此概念缺乏明確聖經根據並損及嚴格一神論的團體所挑戰，從而藉由強調神內在的相交來加深信徒對神聖之愛是一種關係的理解，並影響長期凝聚各國敬拜者的信經與禱告，這種情形遍及許多國家。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

affirming / teaching：現在分詞片語，取代 which affirms... and teaches...

時態：描述教義的一般特性，用現在式；have long united 為現在完成式，強調凝聚作用持續至今

Trinity：「三位一體」；person：「位格」（神學用語，指父、子、靈各自的區別，非一般「人」之意）

essence：「本質」；the Father / the Son / the Holy Spirit：「聖父／聖子／聖靈」

unity：「合一」；confess：「宣認」；creed：「信經」

Unitarian：「唯一神論派」；monotheism：「一神論」；communion：「相交、共融」

此句的 which are 指代 churches；groups 後接 who；creeds and prayers 後接 that have（複數，故用 have）

舉例：

尼西亞信經：宣認聖子與聖父同質，是多數教會共同的信仰告白

聖三一記號：「因父、及子、及聖靈之名」，常見於洗禮與禱告

三葉草的比喻：常被用來說明「一體三位」，但神學家提醒比喻有其限制

兩詞的差別：道成肉身（incarnation）講的是「神如何來到人間」，指聖子取得人的肉身，成為耶穌基督；三位一體（Trinity）講的是「神是誰」，指唯一的神以父、子、靈三個位格存在。前者是「神的降臨」，後者是「神的本質」；道成肉身的教義預設並依賴三位一體，因為只有聖子是神，「神成為人」才有意義。