佈雷艦與掃雷艦 Mine Layers and Mine Sweepers

佈雷艦與掃雷艦 Mine Layers and Mine Sweepers（130 字）

Rarely do mine layers, which quietly seed sea lanes and harbors with explosives that can wait for years, and mine sweepers, whose crews clear those weapons by cable, by divers or by remotely operated vehicles, attract the attention that destroyers and submarines enjoy, yet naval history repeatedly shows that a few cheap mines can close a harbor, sink costly warships and force a navy to spend weeks and millions of dollars on clearance, a lopsided exchange of cost and effort that explains why even powerful fleets, having learned this lesson in 1950 during the Korean War at Wonsan, where thousands of mines delayed a major landing for days, now treat mine warfare not as a minor specialty but as a vital skill without which no amphibious operation can safely begin.

1. 結構破解

Rarely do mine layers,

which quietly seed sea lanes and harbors with explosives

that can wait for years,

and mine sweepers,

whose crews clear those weapons by cable, by divers or by remotely operated vehicles,

attract the attention

that destroyers and submarines enjoy,

yet naval history repeatedly shows

that a few cheap mines can close a harbor,

sink costly warships

and force a navy to spend weeks and millions of dollars on clearance,

a lopsided exchange of cost and effort

that explains why even powerful fleets,

having learned this lesson in 1950 during the Korean War at Wonsan,

where thousands of mines delayed a major landing for days,

now treat mine warfare not as a minor specialty

but as a vital skill

without which no amphibious operation can safely begin.

2. 分解為短句

Mine layers and mine sweepers rarely attract much attention.（主句骨架）

Mine layers quietly seed sea lanes and harbors with explosives.

The explosives can wait for years.

Mine sweepers have crews.

The crews clear those weapons.

They clear them by cable, by divers or by remotely operated vehicles.

Destroyers and submarines enjoy attention.

Mine layers and mine sweepers do not get that attention.

Naval history repeatedly shows something.

A few cheap mines can close a harbor.

They can sink costly warships.

They can force a navy to spend weeks and millions of dollars on clearance.

This is a lopsided exchange of cost and effort.

This exchange explains something.

Even powerful fleets now treat mine warfare as a vital skill.

They do not treat it as a minor specialty.

These fleets learned this lesson in 1950.

They learned it during the Korean War at Wonsan.

Thousands of mines delayed a major landing there for days.

No amphibious operation can safely begin without this skill.

3. 參考譯文

佈雷艦悄悄在航道與港口布下可潛伏多年的爆炸物，掃雷艦的艦員則以拖曳掃雷具、潛水員或遙控載具清除這些武器，但它們很少獲得驅逐艦與潛艦那樣的關注。然而，海軍史一再顯示，少數廉價的水雷就能封閉港口、擊沉昂貴的軍艦，並迫使一支海軍花上數週時間與數百萬美元來清除水雷，這種成本與心力懸殊的交換，說明了為何連強大的艦隊在 1950 年韓戰的元山吸取教訓（當時數千枚水雷使一次重大登陸延誤數日）之後，如今都把水雷戰視為不可或缺的技能，而非次要的專長，沒有這項技能，任何兩棲作戰都無法安全展開。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

句型創新：本句以否定副詞 Rarely 開頭，造成倒裝（Rarely do ... attract），與前三例不同。主詞 mine layers and mine sweepers 被兩個關係子句（which、whose）拆開，距離動詞很遠。後半用 yet 轉折，接 shows that 名詞子句，列舉三個並列動詞。再以同位語 a lopsided exchange ... 帶出 that explains why ...，why 子句裡又插入 having learned ... 分詞構句與 where 子句。結尾用 not as ... but as ... 對比，並以 without which 介系詞加關係代名詞收束。

mine layer：「佈雷艦」；mine sweeper：「掃雷艦」；mine warfare：「水雷戰」

sea lane：「航道」；harbor：「港口」；explosive：「爆炸物」

clearance：「清除」；remotely operated：「遙控的」；lopsided：「懸殊的、不對等的」

amphibious operation：「兩棲作戰」；landing：「登陸」；specialty：「專長」

文法提醒：

Rarely 置於句首，助動詞 do 要放在主詞前，後面的動詞回到原形 attract。

主詞是 mine layers ... and mine sweepers ...，兩段 which、whose 子句只是插入補充，動詞 attract 才是核心。

that destroyers and submarines enjoy 修飾 attention，enjoy 後面省略了受詞（關係代名詞 that 就是受詞）。

yet 連接兩個獨立子句，表示轉折。

shows that 之後的 that 子句中，can 後面有三個並列動詞：close、sink、force。

a lopsided exchange 是前面整串內容的同位語；that explains 的先行詞是 exchange。

why 子句的主詞是 fleets，動詞是 treat；having learned ... 與 where ... 都是插入成分。

without which 中，which 指代 skill，等於 no amphibious operation can safely begin without it。

舉例：

佈雷艦：專門布設水雷的艦艇，可封鎖港口、設置防禦雷區或威脅敵方航線；許多國家也會用商船或其他艦艇兼任布雷。

掃雷艦與獵雷艦：掃雷艦以掃雷具觸發或切斷水雷；獵雷艦則用聲納找出水雷再處理。現代船體多用木材、玻璃纖維等低磁性材料，以免觸發磁性水雷。

元山之役：1950 年 10 月，聯合國軍隊準備在北韓元山登陸，因海面布有大量水雷，登陸被延誤約一週，成為水雷戰的著名案例。

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