在海軍中消失的戰列艦 （戰艦）Vanished Battleships

在海軍中消失的戰列艦 （戰艦）Vanished Battleships（116 字）

Once regarded as the decisive arbiters of naval power, battleships, whose thick armor and massive guns had defined the world's fleets since the early twentieth century, were swept aside within a single generation, having been outpaced by aircraft carriers that proved reach mattered more than firepower, as shown when Japan's Yamato, the largest battleship ever built, was sunk by American carrier aircraft in 1945 and when the USS Arizona, destroyed at Pearl Harbor in 1941, was left on the harbor floor as a memorial, and although the last of them left service by the early 1990s, they are remembered less as weapons than as monuments to an age that ended when air power replaced the gun.

1. 結構破解

Once regarded as the decisive arbiters of naval power,

battleships,

whose thick armor and massive guns had defined the world's fleets since the early twentieth century,

were swept aside within a single generation,

having been outpaced by aircraft carriers

that proved reach mattered more than firepower,

as shown when Japan's Yamato, the largest battleship ever built, was sunk by American carrier aircraft in 1945

and when the USS Arizona, destroyed at Pearl Harbor in 1941, was left on the harbor floor as a memorial,

and although the last of them left service by the early 1990s,

they are remembered less as weapons than as monuments to an age

that ended when air power replaced the gun.

2. 分解為短句

Battleships were swept aside within a single generation.（主句骨架）

Battleships were once regarded as the decisive arbiters of naval power.

Their thick armor and massive guns had defined the world's fleets since the early twentieth century.

Battleships had been outpaced by aircraft carriers.

The carriers proved that reach mattered more than firepower.

Japan's Yamato was sunk by American carrier aircraft in 1945.

Yamato was the largest battleship ever built.

The USS Arizona was destroyed at Pearl Harbor in 1941.

The Arizona was left on the harbor floor as a memorial.

The last battleships left service by the early 1990s.

Battleships are remembered less as weapons than as monuments to an age.

The age ended when air power replaced the gun.

3. 參考譯文

戰列艦曾被視為海軍力量的決定性裁決者，其厚重裝甲與巨砲自二十世紀初起便定義了各國艦隊，卻在短短一個世代內被掃到一旁，因為它們被航空母艦所超越，而航空母艦證明了作戰觸及距離比火力更重要；日本的大和號（史上最大的戰艦）於1945年被美國艦載機擊沉，美國的亞歷桑那號於1941年在珍珠港被毀後留在港底成為紀念館，都是明證；儘管最後的戰艦在1990年代初前已退出現役，人們記住它們時，與其說是武器，不如說是一個隨空中力量取代巨砲而終結之時代的紀念碑。

4. 組合寫作練習（請勿看例句，嘗試將短句組回原長句）

5. 補充說明

句型創新：本句改以 Once regarded as ... 的過去分詞片語開頭，主詞後接 whose 所有格子句；主句後用 having been outpaced 完成式分詞片語表原因，再以 as shown when ... and when ... 兩個時間子句舉例；結尾用 although 讓步子句接 less A than B 比較結構。與前兩例的 which 並列加 so that ... yet ... 句型不同。

battleship：「戰列艦、戰艦」；arbiter：「裁決者、決定者」；armor：「裝甲」

swept aside：「被掃到一旁、被淘汰」；outpace：「超越、勝過」；reach：「觸及距離、作戰範圍」

firepower：「火力」；carrier aircraft：「艦載機」；memorial：「紀念館、紀念碑」

less A than B：「與其說是 A，不如說是 B」；monument：「紀念碑」；air power：「空中力量」

Once regarded as 是 Once (it was) regarded as 的省略；whose 指代 battleships；having been outpaced 的意義上主詞為 battleships；monuments to an age 後接 that ended

舉例：

日本大和號：史上最大的戰艦，1945年4月在前往沖繩途中，遭美國艦載機擊沉

美國亞歷桑那號：1941年12月7日在珍珠港遭日機攻擊炸毀，殘骸至今留在港底，上方建有紀念館

美國愛荷華級：最後退出現役的戰艦之一，1990年代初已除役

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